There are teaching jobs available at language schools, companies, religious organisations, non-profit programs that work with immigrants and refugees, libraries, community colleges and summer English immersion camps for foreign children.
In Australia there is lesson demand for TEFL teachers than other destinations like Asia for example, and there are also fewer vacancies to foreigners since you are in competition with local native-speakers. Most English speaking countries like Australia are quite protective of their local work force and make obtaining work permits quite challenging.
You can find TEFL jobs throughout the country though in places like Sydney, Perth, Melbourne and Brisbane.